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The Sacramento
River and its tributaries are historical spawning grounds for numerous
species of fish, including four runs of Chinook salmon and steelhead
(called anadromous fish since they travel to the ocean and return
to spawn). Numerous water diversions, some dating back to the
mid-1800s, have impacted the ability of anadromous fish to reach suitable
spawning grounds. Shasta and Keswick Dams block upstream passage
to spawning areas in the McCloud, Pit and upper Sacramento River drainage.
Whiskeytown Dam blocks fish passage into the cool, clear reaches of
the Upper Clear Creek watershed. All of these diversions have
contributed to a sharp decline in the number of anadromous fish making
their way home each year. The Sacramento River Basin (below
Shasta Dam) encompasses 21,250 square miles. Just less than
half of the historical river is available to anadromous fish at this
time.
In the past three years, much of the work being
done by the Western Shasta RCD is centered around degraded streams
that have a high potential to support spawning salmon populations
of Chinook salmon and steelhead, if restored to a healthy, functioning
state.
Restoration work includes erosion control and vegetation
management, fuels management, agreements on the timing of water
flows from the dams, assisting local landowners and interested parties
in forming watershed
groups who then participate in the planning process, injecting spawning
gravel in strategic locations, isolating deep gravel pits to eliminate
fish stranding, returning a natural channel meander to eliminate
braided conditions caused by mining, where water temperature becomes
too warm for fish survival and/or water dries up during summer months.
Section 3406(b)(1) of the Central Valley Project Improvement Act
directs the Secretary of the Interior to develop and implement a
program that makes all reasonable efforts to ensure that, by 2002,
natural production of anadromous fish in Central Valley rivers and
streams will be sustainable, on a long-term basis, at levels not
less than twice the average levels attained during 1967-1991.
The program is called the Anadromous Fish Restoration Program.
The six species identified for restoration under this program are
Chinook salmon, steelhead, striped bass, American shad, white sturgeon,
and green sturgeon. For more information about this program,
click here - www.delta.dfg.ca.gov/afrp.
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